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Evolution Korea The economic crisis that swept Asia forced a major reappraisal of the old system of government-business alliances and public management of private risks. In Korea, this meant a change in the development paradigm. In a controversial decision, South Korea's government has requested textbook publishers not to comply with calls to eliminate examples of evolution in science books for high school students. This includes the evidence for evolution of horses and the bird an ancestor Archaeopteryx. 1. Evolution and Religion A South Korean creationist group has convinced textbook publishers to eliminate evidence of evolution from high-school science texts. The move was a result of a campaign run by the Society for Textbook Revise (STR) which is an branch of the Korea Association for Creation Research that aims to clear biology textbooks of “atheist materialism.” The STR claims that such materialistic views create a negative image for students, and could lead to their eventual loss of faith. Scientists from all over the world expressed concerns when the STR campaign gained attention. In a letter to the editor of Nature evolutionary biologist Jae Choe at Ewha Womans University in Seoul complained that South Korea had given in to religious prejudice. He was supported by colleagues around the country, who formed an organization called Evolution Korea to organize a petition against the textbook changes. Some scientists are worried that the STR could spread to other parts around the world, where creationism has been growing. The letter to Nature warned that the anti-evolution movement will increase pressure for textbook revisions in other countries, particularly those with strong Christian and Muslim populations. The South Korean culture is particularly strong in the evolution debate. 26 percent of South Koreans are part of a religion, with the majority practicing Christianity or Buddhism. Additionally, a large portion of Koreans adhere to the philosophy of Ch'ondogyo. 에볼루션 사이트 is founded on Confucian principles which emphasizes harmony in society and individual self-cultivation. Ch'ondogyo is a way of teaching that the human being is one with Hanulnim the God of Sun and that heavenly blessings can be achieved through good works. All of this has created an ideal environment for the spread of creationism. A number of studies have demonstrated that students who have religion-based backgrounds are more hesitant when learning about evolution than those without religion. The underlying causes of this phenomenon are not known. Students who have a religious background might be less experienced with scientific theories, making them more vulnerable to creationists influence. Another possibility is that students who have religious backgrounds are more likely to view evolution as a religious concept and therefore less at ease with the idea. 2. Evolution and Science In recent times, scientists have been concerned about anti-evolution efforts in schools. A survey conducted in 2009 revealed that nearly 40% of Americans believed that biological evolution was not true and that it would be in conflict with their religious beliefs. Despite the fact that creationism has been a huge success in some states, many scientists feel that the best way to counter this movement is not to actively engage in it, but to educate people about the evidence that supports evolution. Scientists are responsible for teaching their students science including the theory of evolution. They also need to inform the general public about the science process and how knowledge is gathered and confirmed. They must also explain that scientific theories are frequently challenged and re-examined. However, misconceptions about nature and purpose of scientific research can lead to a negative view of evolution. Many people mistake the term “theory” as a hunch or guess. In the field of science, however, the hypothesis is tested thoroughly and empirical data is used to prove it. A theory that is tested and observed repeatedly is then a scientific principle. The debate about evolution theory is an excellent opportunity to discuss both the importance of scientific methodology and its limitations. It is essential for people to recognize that science is unable to answer questions about the meaning or meaning of life it only serves as a mechanism through which living organisms can develop and adapt. Furthermore, a comprehensive education should cover all the major scientific fields that include evolutionary biology. This is essential because a variety of jobs and decisions require people understand how science works. The majority of scientists around the world believe that humans have evolved through time. A recent study that predicted the adults' opinions of the consensus on this issue found that those with higher levels of education and science knowledge were more likely to believe that there is a broad agreement between scientists regarding human evolution. People with more religious faith and less science-based knowledge are more likely to disagree. It is crucial that teachers insist on knowing the general consensus on this issue to ensure that people have a solid basis for making informed decisions regarding their health care, energy usage and other policy issues. 3. Evolution and Culture A close cousin to the mainstream evolutionary theory, cultural evolution focuses on the various ways that humans and other species learn from and interact with each other. Researchers in this field employ explanation tools and models that are adapted from evolutionary theorists. They also go back to human prehistory to determine the earliest sources of culture. This method also acknowledges the distinction between cultural and biological traits. Cultural traits can be acquired gradually while biological traits are mostly inherited at the same time (in the case of sexual species after fertilization). The acquisition of one cultural characteristic can affect the growth and development of a different. In Korea for instance the introduction of Western fashion elements in the latter part of the 19th and early 20th century was the result of a complicated sequence of events. One of the most significant was the arrival in Korea of Japanese occupation forces that introduced Western hairstyles and clothing. After that, when Japan departed Korea in the 1930s, some of these trends began change. By the end of World War II, Korea was once more united, this time under the rule of the Choson dynasty. Today, Korea is an economic and political power. Despite the financial crisis of recent, Korea's economy has been growing steadily over the past decade. It is expected to keep this trend going in the future. The current administration is faced with a variety of challenges. The inability of the government to come up with an effective strategy to tackle the current economic crisis is one the biggest obstacles. The crisis has revealed shortcomings in the policies of the country, especially its over-reliance on exports and foreign investment which could not last. The financial crisis has shaken the confidence of investors. This means that the government has to rethink its strategy and find ways to increase domestic demand. To ensure a stable financial climate the government will need to reform its incentive system, monitoring and discipline. This chapter presents several scenarios of how the Korean economy could grow in a post-crisis environment. 4. Evolution and Education The biggest challenge for educators of evolution is how to teach evolutionary concepts in ways that are appropriate for students of various age groups and developmental stages. Teachers need to, for instance be aware of the diversity of religions in their classrooms and create a learning environment where students with both religious and secular beliefs are at ease. Moreover, teachers need to recognize the most common misconceptions about evolution and how to address them in their classrooms. Teachers should also have quick access to the many resources available to teach evolution. In this context, the Thinking Evolutionarily Convocation was an important step towards bringing evolutionary scientists and educators from a variety of disciplines to discuss best methods for teaching about evolution. Participants included representatives from scientific societies, educational researchers, officials from government funding agencies, and curriculum developers. The convergence of different stakeholders helped identify a set of shared recommendations that will serve as the basis for future actions. One of the most important recommendations is that the subject of evolution should be integrated in all science curricula at every level. To achieve this, the National Science Education Standards (NRC) require that evolution be taught in a unified manner across all sciences using a sequence of concepts that are developmental appropriate. A new publication from the NRC offers guidance for schools on how to integrate evolution into the life science curriculum. Numerous studies have shown that a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of evolution is linked to greater student knowledge and belief in the existence of evolution. It is difficult to quantify the causality of teaching in the classroom, since school curricula don't change randomly and are affected by the timing of the state board of education and gubernatorial elections. To overcome this issue I employ a longitudinal dataset that allows me control for the effects of years and states fixed and individual-level variations in teacher beliefs about evolutionary theory. Another important finding is that teachers who are more comfortable with teaching evolution report having fewer personal barriers to doing so. This is consistent with the idea that a more experienced faculty is less likely to avoid tackling evolution topics in the classroom and could be more likely to employ strategies like the reconciliatory approach that has been proven to improve the acceptance of undergraduate students of evolution (Harms and Reiss 2019; Tolman et al., 2020).